Here's some of the MySQL commands that I regularly use. I'm posting this so I have a place to quickly look these up, but perhaps someone else might find these useful as well.

# login
mysql -u root -p

USE database_name;
SHOW tables;
DESCRIBE table_name 

# create database
CREATE DATABASE django_project;
SHOW DATABASES;

# create user
CREATE USER username IDENTIFIED BY 'pass1';

# grant access
GRANT ALL ON django_project.* TO username;

# Export A MySQL Database
mysqldump -u username -p database_name > FILE.sql
mysqldump --user=XXXXXXXX --password=XXXXXXX -A > /PATH/TO/DUMPFILE.SQL
mysqldump --user=XXXXXXXX --password=XXXXXXX DB_NAME1 DB_NAME2 > /PATH/TO/DUMPFILE.SQL
mysqldump --user=XXXXXXXX --password=XXXXXXXX DB_NAME --tables TABLE_NAME > /PATH/TO/DUMPFILE.SQL

# Import A MySQL Database
mysql -u username -p database_name < FILE.sql
mysql --verbose --user=XXXXXXXX --password=XXXXXXXX DB_NAME < /PATH/TO/DUMPFILE.SQL

LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE '/importfile.csv'
INTO TABLE test_table
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
LINES TERMINATED BY '\n'
(field1, filed2, field3);

# duplicate table
CREATE TABLE newname SELECT * FROM sourcename

# alter table
ALTER TABLE profiles_category ASS header varchar(100) NOT NULL AFTER icon;
ALTER TABLE profiles_category MODIFY icon varchar(100) NOT NULL; modify attributes
ALTER TABLE profiles_category CHANGE icon image varchar(100) NOT NULL;    rename
ALTER TABLE profiles_category DROP icon;

# update table
UPDATE profiles_category SET header='name' WHERE id=1;